[GDF15 : un modulateur de l'immunité et biomarqueur prédictif des atteintes cardiovasculaires : une stratégie dans le COVID-19]. / GDF15 : A modulator of immunity and a predictive biomarker of cardiovascular events : A strategy in COVID-19.

In the recently published manuscript entitled "GDF15 a rising modulator of immunity and a strategy in Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in relationship with iron metabolism" and we examined the potential properties of Growth and differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) as an emerging modulator of immunity in COVID-19. We commented new aspects of the biology of GDF15 and investigated the potential value of GDF15 as a biomarker. Is GDF15 a biomarker of the inflammatory process and oxidative stress state? Recently, it was reported that 1500 clinical trials related to COVID-19 have been registered, but none have yet found an optimal strategy. In these conditions, more clinical studies are needed before any of these agents can be considered antiviral agents.

Potential Neuroinvasion Mechanism of SARS-CoV-2

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, a coronavirus, is known to cause acute respiratory distress syndrome and a range of non)respiratory effects, particularly in elderly male patients with underlying health conditions such overweight, diabetes, and hypertension. The coronavirus disease-2019 sequelae include multiple organ failure and neurological issues, and these prior health issues are linked to endothelial dysfunction. Although inhalation is the most frequent mode of infection, this virus has also been discovered in neurons, cerebrospinal fluid, the choroid plexus, and meningeal vasculature (English) [ FROM AUTHOR] Bir koronavirüs olan şiddetli akut solunum yolu sendromu koronavirüsü-2’nin, özellikle obezite, diyabet ve hipertansiyon gibi sağlık sorunları olan yaşlı erkek hastalarda akut solunum sıkıntısı sendromuna ve bir dizi solunum dışı sekellere neden olduğu bilinmektedir. Bu sağlık sorunları endotel disfonksiyonla bağlantılıdır ve koronavirüs hastalığı-2019 sekelleri, çoklu organ yetmezliği ve nörolojik sorunları içerir. Solunum birincil enfeksiyon modu olsa da, bu virüs koroid pleksus ve meningeal arterlerin yanı sıra nöronlar ve beyin omurilik sıvısı dahil olmak üzere çeşitli organlarda keşfedilmiştir (Turkish) [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Turkish Journal of Immunology is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

TÜRK POPÜLASYONUNDA IRF7, TBK1, IFNAR1, IFNAR2 VE TLR3 GEN VARYANTLARININ POPÜLASYONLAR ARASI KARŞILAŞTIRMALARI VE ENFEKSÍYON HASTALIKLARINDAKÍ ÖNEMÍ

Objective: In the research conducted during the ongoing pandemic period, it has been determined that IRF7, TBK1, IFNAR1, IFNAR2, and TLR3 immunity genes play an important role in the predisposition to SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, there is no information about variants of these genes in the Turkish population. The aim of this study was to determine the variants specific to the our study’s population in these genes that predispose to infections and to compare them with other populations. Materials and Methods: The variants in the exonic and flanking intronic regions of these five genes were analysed in in-house whole-exome sequencing data of 139 unrelated non-anonymous individuals. The allele frequencies of variants were compared with other population datasets. The DysGeNet database was used to determine human diseases associated with these genes. Results: In our population, gene variants were detected including 28 in IRF7, 16 in TBK1, 18 in IFNAR1, 19 in IFNAR2, and 9 in TLR3. The allele frequencies of variants were compared with other populations. Of these variants, 9 were determined to be novel, previously unreported variants. It was shown that these genes are mainly involved in cancer and infectious diseases, especially viral infections according to the DisGeNET database. Conclusion: The determination of immunity gene variants specific to our population and the variability of allele frequencies among populations suggest that it may cause differences in immune response, especially to SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this study, preliminary information was obtained for studies that will investigate the relationship between the clinical manifestations of infectious diseases and immunity gene variants. (English) [ FROM AUTHOR] Amaç: Halen devam etmekte olan pandemi sürecinde yapılan araştırmalarda, IRF7, TBK1, IFNAR1, IFNAR2 ve TLR3 immünite genlerinin SARS-CoV-2 enfeksiyona yatkınlıkta önemli rol oynadıkları belirlenmiştir. Ancak, Türk popülasyonunda bu genlerdeki varyantlar ile ilgili detaylı bilgi bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, enfeksiyonlara yatkınlık oluşturan bu genlerdeki toplumumuza özgü varyantların belirlenmesi ve diğer popülasyonlarla karşılaştırılması amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntem: IRF7, TBK1, IFNAR1, IFNAR2 ve TLR3 genlerindeki ekzonik ve komşu intronik bölgelerdeki gen varyantları, 139 anonim bireye ait kurum içi tüm ekzom dizileme verilerinde analiz edildi. Varyantların allel sıklıkları, diğer popülasyonların veri setleri ile karşılaştırıldı. Ek olarak, literatürdeki bu 5 aday gen ile ilişkili hastalıkları belirlemek için DisGeNET veri tabanı kullanıldı. Bulgular: Toplumumuzdaki immünite gen varyantları belirlenerek allel sıklıkları diğer popülasyonlar ile karşılaştırıldı. Buna göre IRF7 geninde 28, TBK1’de 16, IFNAR1’de 18, IFNAR2’de 19, TLR3’de 9 varyant tespit edildi. Bu varyantlardan dokuzunun daha önce bildirilmemiş yeni varyant oldukları belirlendi. DisGe- NET veri tabanına göre, bu genlerin çoğunlukla kanser ve enfeksiyon hastalıklarında özellikle viral enfeksiyonlarla ilgili oldukları gösterildi. Sonuç: Toplumuza özgü immünite gen varyantlarının belirlenmesi ve popülasyonlar arasında allel sıklıklarının değişkenlik göstermesi, özellikle SARS-CoV-2 enfeksiyonuna immün yanıtta farklılıklara sebep olabileceğini düşündürmektedir. Bu çalışmada, enfeksiyon hastalıklarının klinik bulguları ile immünite gen varyantları arasındaki ilişkiyi araştıracak çalışmalar için önbilgiler elde edilmiştir. (Turkish) [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Istanbul Tip Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Istanbul Tip Fakultesi Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

[Ethical issues of vaccination against Sars-CoV-2]. / Enjeux éthiques de la vaccination contre le Sars-CoV-2.

As a tool for public health, the vaccination policy is based on the analysis of benefits and risks. Thus, the National Consultative Ethics Committee has been at the heart of the orientations taken in terms of the deployment of the vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, by contributing its reflections on the associated ethical issues.

Interplay between stress and immunity triggers herpes zoster infection in COVID-19 patients: a review.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a potential health threat in the highly mobile society of the world. There are also concerns regarding the occurrence of co-infections occurring in COVID-19 patients. Herpes zoster (HZ) is currently being reported as a co-infection in COVID-19 patients. It is a varicella-zoster virus induced viral infection affecting older and immunocompromised individuals. Reactivation of HZ infection in COVID-19 patients are emerging and the mechanism of reactivation is still unknown. The most convincing argument is that increased psychological and immunological stress leads to HZ in COVID-19 patients; this review justifies this argument.

[COVID-19: Pathogenesis of a multi-faceted disease]. / COVID-19 : physiopathologie d'une maladie à plusieurs visages.

SARS-CoV-2 infection, named COVID-19, can lead to a dysregulated immune response and abnormal coagulation responsible for a viral sepsis. In this review, we specify physiopathological mechanisms of each phase of COVID-19 - viral, immune and pro-thrombotic - notably because they involve different treatment. Finally, we specify the physiopathological mechanisms of organ injury.